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Pregunta 1 of 40
1. Pregunta
PRACTICE 1
STEP 1
Read the following passage. Write the main idea. Predict how the listening passage may contrast with the reading.
Muscles are a type of human tissue with many different functions. They assist people with standing up straight and movement. Unfortunately, while doing these things, muscles can become injured. When forced to perform beyond their means, they can become sore, pulled, or torn. An injured muscle requires special care to make sure it heals properly. Over time, doctors have found that the best treatment for an injured muscle is to apply heat to it.
The effectiveness of heat has been proven time and time again. When a muscle is injured, placing a heating pad on it visibly reduces the swelling of the muscle. The reason this works is because heat helps draw blood into the sore tissues. The improved circulation brings in additional nutrients and oxygen, which helps the muscle heal faster.
Another advantage of using heat on an injured muscle is that it helps relax and soothe the muscle. An untreated injured muscle is likely to contract more often than usual. Heat can help reduce the contractions of the muscle. Once the muscle tissue is relaxed, it makes it easier for a person to move the injured muscle without causing further damage.
function: something that a part of the body does
treatment: the process of providing medical care
effectiveness: capability of producing a desired effect
visibly: in a way easy to see or notice
reduce: to make something smaller in size or amount
circulation: the movement of blood around the body
contract: the tightening of a muscle-
Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
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Pregunta 2 of 40
2. Pregunta
STEP 2
Below is important information from the reading above. After each sentence are two possible paraphrases of it. Choose the best paraphrase for each sentence.
A. The reason heat works is because it helps draw blood into the sore tissues.
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 3 of 40
3. Pregunta
B. Heat can help reduce the contractions of the muscle.
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 4 of 40
4. Pregunta
C. In the space below, write a paraphrase of the main idea that you wrote.
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Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
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Pregunta 5 of 40
5. Pregunta
STEP 3
Now listen to a lecture related to the topic in Step 1. Fill in the blanks of the note diagram below with the key words or key phrases shown. Not all of the words or phrases will be used.
Key words/Key phrases
- underestimate
- applied
- muscles
- relax
- encourage
- heat
- increase
- damage
- ice pack
- bad
- injury
- important
proper: appropriate for the purpose or situation
encourage: to suggest someone does something with the belief it will be good for them
negative: harmful or bad
immediately: very quickly or without delay
distinction: a different between two things
swell: to become larger than normal
underestimate: to think or guess something is less than really is-
Main Idea: putting on injured muscles is
Key Point 1: should not put heat on right away- will the swelling
- should use first, then heat
Key Point 2: heat can the muscle too much
- may how badly muscle is injured
- if muscle is moved too much, can it more
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 6 of 40
6. Pregunta
STEP 4
Look at the phrases and sentences from the lecture notes. Try to think of synonyms for the words listed. Write correct sentences to paraphrase these notes using the synonyms that you thought of.
A. should use ice pack first, then heat
synonyms:
- ice pack –
- first –
paraphrase:
-
Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
Pregunta 7 of 40
7. Pregunta
B. heat should not be applied to muscles right after an injury
synonyms:
- applied –
- after –
paraphrase:
-
Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
Pregunta 8 of 40
8. Pregunta
STEP 5
Step A. Changing Keywords
Below are two incomplete paraphrases of key information from the lecture. Fill in the missing parts with words or phrases from the box. These words and phrases are synonyms or are similar in meaning to the actual words used in the lecture.
- throbbing / aching / agonizing
- puff up / broaden / increase
- compact / reduce / condense
- rest / lighten up / loosen up
- hurt /broken / wrecked
- wound / impairment / damage
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- Applying heat to a(n) (1) muscle can make it (2) even more, so you should use an ice pack to (3) the swelling first.
- Heat can (4) the muscle enough that you can move it even though it is (5) , but it can also lead to underestimating how bad the (6) is.
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 9 of 40
9. Pregunta
STEP 5
Step B. Changing Sentence Structure
Try to complete the following paraphrase of the sentences from Part A above.
-
- In order to prevent an injured muscle from swelling even more, .
- Although heat will allow you to move an injured muscle, .
CorrectoIncorrecto -
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Pregunta 10 of 40
10. Pregunta
STEP 6
Read the following sentences taken from the reading and the lecture. Create new sentences by combining the ideas in each pair’ of sentences.
-
(A) An injured muscle requires special care to make sure it heals properly.
(B) It is always important to take into account how bad the injury is and follow the doctor’s orders.
1. .
(A) Another advantage of using heat on an injured muscle is it helps relax and soothe the muscle.
(B) The problem here is that the heat can relax the muscle so much that you underestimate just how bad the injury is.
2. .
CorrectoIncorrecto -
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Pregunta 11 of 40
11. Pregunta
PRACTICE 2
STEP 1
Read the following passage. Underline the main idea. Predict how the listening passage may contrast with the reading.
Every meal that a person eats is the result of a number of chemical processes. Knowing about the chemistry of the food can help people make decisions about how to prepare their food or, in some cases, not prepare it all. That is because, according to some research, foods such as vegetables are healthier if they are not cooked.
One study found that vegetables that haven’t been cooked contain more vitamins. That is because when vegetables are cooked, the heat breaks down the vitamin compounds in the food. When vegetables are boiled, the water draws out the vitamins from the food. Once the water is disposed of, so are the vitamins. The vegetables that end up on the dinner plate, meanwhile, are left with very few nutrients.
Raw vegetables have also been foUnd to be easier to digeSt than cooked vegetables. Scientists think that this is because all vegetables naturally contain enzymes that help the human body break them down -after they have been eaten. But if the vegetables are cooked, the enzymes are destroyed by the heat, making it harder for the body to digest the cooked vegetables.
chemical: involving chemistry or a method used in chemistry
decision: a choice that is made after thinking carefully
prepare: to make food ready to be cooked or eaten
compound: a chemical substance made of two or more elements
dispose: to get rid of something
nutrient: a substance in food that is needed to live and grow
raw: not cooked-
Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
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Pregunta 12 of 40
12. Pregunta
STEP 2
Below is important information from the reading above. After each sentence are two possible paraphrases of it. Choose the best paraphrase for each sentence.
A. One study found that vegetables that haven’t been cooked contain more vitamins.
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 13 of 40
13. Pregunta
B. When the water is disposed of, so are the vitamins.
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 14 of 40
14. Pregunta
C. In the space below, write a paraphrase of the main idea that you wrote.
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Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
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Pregunta 15 of 40
15. Pregunta
STEP 3
Now listen to a lecture related to the topic in Step 1. Fill in the blanks of the note diagram below with the key words or key phrases shown. Not all of the words or phrases will be used.
Key Words/ Key Phrases
- how long
- water
- depends
- cell walls
- eliminate
- raw
- healthier
- uncooked
- always
- cooked
- vitamins
- absorbs
- healthy
- digest
discussion: a conversation about something
focus: to concentrate on something
misconception: a wrong belief or opinion
eliminate: to get rid of something
depends on: to be determined
significant: very large or noticeable
absorb: to take in gas, liquid, or other substance-
Main Idea: vegetables are not
Key Point 1: raw vegetables and vegetables have same amount of- it depends on the vegetables are cooked
- cooking vegetables softens so body vitamins better
Key Point 2: raw vegetables are not easier to digest
- easier for body to a baked potato than a potato
- baked potato has more in it so body breaks it down easier
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 16 of 40
16. Pregunta
STEP 4
Look at the phrases and sentences from the lecture notes. Try to think of synonyms for the words listed. Write correct sentences to paraphrase these notes using the synonyms that you thought of.
A. raw vegetables and cooked vegetables have the same amount of vitamins
synonyms:
- amount –
- raw –
paraphrase:
-
Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
Pregunta 17 of 40
17. Pregunta
B. cooking vegetables softens vegetable cell walls so body absorbs vitamins better
synonyms:
- softens –
- better –
paraphrase:
-
Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
Pregunta 18 of 40
18. Pregunta
STEP 5
A. Changing Keywords
Below are two incomplete paraphrases of key information from the lecture. Fill in the missing parts with words or phrases from the box. These words and phrases are synonyms or are similar in meaning to the actual words used in the lecture.
- period / episode / length
- demonstrate / cause / happen
- important / momentous / considerable
- untruth / deceit / fiction
- misplaced / removed / gone
- method / procedure / course
-
- Cooking vegetables for a brief (1) does not (2) a(n) (3) loss of vitamins.
- One (4) about raw vegetables is that they are healthier since vitamins are not (5) during the (6) of cooking.
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 19 of 40
19. Pregunta
B. Changing Sentence Structure
Try to complete the following paraphrase of the sentences from Part A above.
-
- Significant loss of vitamins does not occur if vegetables are .
- It is mistakenly believed that uncooked vegetables .
CorrectoIncorrecto -
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Pregunta 20 of 40
20. Pregunta
STEP 6
Read the following sentences taken from the reading and the lecture. Create new sentences by combining the ideas in each pair of sentences.
-
(A) Raw vegetables have also been found to be easier to digest than cooked vegetables.
(B) While that is true for some vegetables, it doesn’t apply to all of them.
1. .
(A) When vegetables are cooked, the heat breaks down the vitamin compounds in the food.
(B) Boiling your vegetables for a long time isn’t going to help the food keep its vitamins.
2. .
CorrectoIncorrecto -
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Pregunta 21 of 40
21. Pregunta
PRACTICE 3
STEP 1
Read the following passage. Write the main idea. Predict how the listening passage may contrast with the reading.
Learning a second language is a time-consuming task, Sometimes people become so frustrated by the process that they simply give up. However, this doesn’t seem to be the case with children, who are able to learn languages without any apparent difficulty. Scientists have devoted much time to figuring out how people learn new languages. Their studies have tested the theory that children can learn new languages more easily than adults and revealed many interesting findings.
Study after study has shown that children are able to learn new languages faster than adults. In the time it takes an adult to learn the basics of the new language, a child may have already achieved near fluency in the language. Additionally, not only are children able to learn a new language faster, but they also are able to speak without an accent.
Studies also suggest that the minds of young children are more flexible than those of adults, A child’s mind can be compared to a sponge that is constantly absorbing new information and expanding. This is unlike an adult’s brain, which loses its ability to learn certain skills after a certain age. Psychologists think that this flexibility makes it much easier for children to learn new languages.
time-consuming: taking a long time to complete
apparent: easy to see or understand
devote: to spend a lot of time or effort doing something
reveal: to let something become known
achieve: to succeed in doing or having something
fluency: quality of being able to speak a foreign language very well
flexible: able to make changes-
Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
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Pregunta 22 of 40
22. Pregunta
STEP 2
Below is important information from the reading above. After each sentence are two possible paraphrases of it. Choose the best paraphrase for each sentence.
A. An adult’s brain loses its ability to learn certain skills after a certain age.
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 23 of 40
23. Pregunta
B. In the time it takes an adult to learn the basics of a new language, a child may have already achieved near fluency in the language.
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 24 of 40
24. Pregunta
C. In the space below, write a paraphrase of the main idea that you wrote.
-
Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
-
Pregunta 25 of 40
25. Pregunta
STEP 3
Now listen to a lecture related to the topic in Step 1. Fill in the blanks of the note diagram below with the keywords or key phrases shown. Not all of the words or phrases will be used.
Key Words / Key Phrases
- understanding
- grammar
- sentence
- achieve
- language
- adults
- older
- vocabulary
- children
- flexible
- younger
- learning
- fluency
- clear
acquisition: the process of learning skills or getting knowledge
clarify: to explain something more clearly
acknowledge: to accept something is true
disproves: to prove false
achieve: to accomplish-
Main Idea: do not learn a new easier than adults
Key Point 1: children’s level of is different than adults
- and structure are simpler
- children able to expected levels sooner
Key Point 2: children do not have more minds
- study of two groups of children, did better new language
- older children had better of , used when learning new language
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 26 of 40
26. Pregunta
STEP 4
Look at the phrases and sentences from the lecture notes. Try to think of synonyms for the words listed. Write correct sentences to paraphrase these notes using the synonyms that you thought of.
A. older children had better understanding of grammar, used when learning new language
synonyms:
- understanding –
- used –
paraphrase:
-
Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
Pregunta 27 of 40
27. Pregunta
B. appears children learn new languages easier than adults, but they actually do not
synonyms:
- appears –
- actually –
paraphrase:
-
Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
Pregunta 28 of 40
28. Pregunta
STEP 5
A. Changing Keywords
Below are two incomplete paraphrases of key information from the lecture. Fill in the missing parts with words or phrases from the box. These words and phrases are synonyms or are similar in meaning to the actual words used in the lecture.
- question / accept / verify
- take into account / regard / think on
- anticipated / predicted / expected
- a lot faster / more swift / quickly
- level / qualification / degree
- dialogue / language / communication
-
- Before we (1) that children learn new languages faster than adults, we have to (2) the level of fluency (3) for children and for adults.
- Children seem to learn new languages (4) than adults, but the (5) of a child’s (6) is lower than that of an adult’s.
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 29 of 40
29. Pregunta
B. Changing Sentence Structure
Try to complete the following paraphrase of the sentences from Part A above.
-
- We have to examine the levels of fluency for children and adults before .
- While children appear to be able to learn a new language more quickly than adults, .
CorrectoIncorrecto -
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Pregunta 30 of 40
30. Pregunta
STEP 6
Read the following sentences taken from the reading and the lecture. Create new sentences by combining the ideas in each pair of sentences.
-
(A) Study after study has shown that children are able to learn new languages faster than adults.
(B) Children seem to learn languages a lot faster than adults, but we need to think about how simple children’s speaking really is.
1. .
(A) Sometimes people become so frustrated by the process of learning a new language that they simply give up.
(B) We’ve been discussing the process of language acquisition and how difficult it is.
2. .
CorrectoIncorrecto -
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Pregunta 31 of 40
31. Pregunta
PRACTICE 4
STEP 1
Read the following passage. Write the main idea. Predict how the listening passage may contrast with the reading.
During the mid-17th century, a Dutch scientist looked through a microscope and discovered bacteria. He proposed that the dirty’ conditions in which bacteria grow could cause illness. This led to a change in how people lived. Doctors were careful to sanitize their instruments. People were more careful to clean their homes properly to prevent disease. However, some studies show that people have taken cleaning too far. Scientists think that overly sanitized conditions are causing more illnesses in children.
Doctors think that in most modern homes, children are not exposed to as many allergens as children from past generations. Allergens are actually harmless substances, Although, if the body does not recognize the substance as harmless, it reacts negatively to it. This causes an allergic reaction. Doctors fear that since children are exposed to fewer allergens, they do not gain immunity to certain substances. When they do encounter the.allergen, the child may suffer from a severe allergic reaction.
Knowledge about sanitation also makes parents wary about the conditions their children are exposed to. They may believe that the cleaner their children’s surroundings are, the healthier they will be. But physicians think that if children have more contact with common allergens and even with animals, they may not develop as many allergies.
propose: to suggest a plan, an idea, or an action
conditions: existing circumstances
sanitize: to make something clean and healthy
immunity: the protection the body gives against illness
encounter: to experience or deal with something
severe: very serious and worrying
wary: careful or nervous about something-
Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
-
Pregunta 32 of 40
32. Pregunta
STEP 2
Below is important information from the reading above. After each sentence are two possible paraphrases of it. Choose the best paraphrase for each sentence.
A. When they do encounter the allergen, the child may suffer from a severe allergic reaction.
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 33 of 40
33. Pregunta
B. Knowledge about sanitation also makes parents wary about the conditions their children are exposed to.
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 34 of 40
34. Pregunta
C. In the Space below, write a paraphrase of the main idea that you wrote.
-
Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
-
Pregunta 35 of 40
35. Pregunta
STEP 3
Now listen to a lecture related to the topic in Step 1. Fill in the blanks of the note diagram below with the keywords or key phrases shown. Not all of the words or phrases will be used.
Key Words / Key Phrases
- autoimmune
- increased
- exposed
- allergens
- cleanliness
- more
- sanitizing
- immunity
- animals
- allergies
- less
- health
topic: a subject you write or speak about
emphasize: to give particular importance to something
reaction: a bad effect on the body caused by a substance
organization: a group of people who have a shared interest
sufferer: someone who has a particular problem or disease
expose: to allow an action, influence or condition to happen
autoimmune: relating to diseases where the body’s immune system attacks normal cells-
Main Idea: is not always a good thing
Key Point 1: by everything, common are eliminated
- allergy sufferers have in the past 20 years
- people are not to enough allergens, so no to them
Key Point 2: children should be exposed to
- children around farm animals did not have as many as children who were not around them
- children around animals likely to develop diseases
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 36 of 40
36. Pregunta
STEP 4
Look at the phrases and sentences from the lecture notes. Try to think of synonyms for the words listed. Write correct sentences to paraphrase these notes using the synonyms that you thought of.
A. by sanitizing everything, common allergens are eliminated
synonyms:
- common –
- eliminated –
paraphrase:
-
Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
Pregunta 37 of 40
37. Pregunta
B. too much sanitization can cause health problems
synonyms:
- sanitization –
- problems –
paraphrase:
-
Esta respuesta se revisará y calificará después de enviarla.
La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar.La calificación se puede revisar y ajustar. -
Pregunta 38 of 40
38. Pregunta
STEP 5
A. Changing Keywords
Below are two incomplete paraphrases of key information from the lecture. Fill in the missing parts with words or phrases from the box. These words and phrases are synonyms or are similar in meaning to the actual words used in the lecture.
Key Words / Key Phrases:
- manufacture /develop /produce
- answer / consequence / effect
- miserable / anguished / pained
- underline / clarification / stress
- usually / habitually / routinely
- ordinary / universal / frequent
-
- People cannot (1) any immunity to allergens because they are not being exposed to them, and as a(n) (2) , they are made (3) by allergies.
- I want to (4) that allergens are (5) harmless substances; some (6) ones are peanuts and cat fur
CorrectoIncorrecto -
Pregunta 39 of 40
39. Pregunta
B. Changing Sentence Structure
Try to complete the following paraphrase of the sentences from Part A above.
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- People suffer from allergies because they .
- I’d like to point out that allergens are .
CorrectoIncorrecto -
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Pregunta 40 of 40
40. Pregunta
STEP 6
Read the following sentences taken from the reading and the lecture. Create new sentences combining the ideas in each pair of sentences.
-
(A) Physicians think if children have more contact with animals, they may not develop as many allergies.
(B) Children who spent more time around animals, were less likely to develop autoimmune diseases.
1. .
(A) Some studies show that people have taken cleaning too far.
(B) We know that sanitization is mostly a good thing, but when we sanitize everything, we eliminate common allergens.
2. .
CorrectoIncorrecto -